INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF POST-WAR COUNTRIES RECOVER

Abstract

Background. The article examines conceptual approaches to the post-war recovery of countries after military conflicts, which are characterized by multifacetedness and cover issues from demining the territories of the specified countries to social, economic, political transformations, etc. The purpose of the work The experience of countries reconstruction after the Second World War, namely Germany, Italy, and Japan, is studied. The statistics of the losses of these countries during the war and subsequent gains after the end of the war, which characterize the success of these countries in restoring their socio-economic status, are given.

Methods. The article uses a number of general scientific and special methods, in particular, the method of analysis.

Results. The influence of international post-war reconstruction programs of European countries, primarily the Marshall Plan, which gave a significant impetus to political, institutional, economic and social transformations, is analyzed. International aid for the recovery and development of Japan was also considered from these positions. Internal success factors related to the formation of an effective domestic policy in the studied countries, which, in combination with international support, created opportunities for these countries to enter advanced economic positions are also given. The experience of the reconstruction of the Balkan countries after the end of the Yugoslav war, in particular Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, is studied.

Conclusions. It was determined that the experience of the post-war reconstruction of Bosnia and Herzegovina is somewhat special, because this country was the most affected by the Yugoslav war. Nor was it entirely successful in the context of economic recovery. It has been studied that Croatia and Serbia managed to achieve successful post-war recovery thanks to the implementation of important political and economic reforms and active cooperation with international institutions. The international experience of post-war reconstruction relevant to Ukraine and the key success factors of this process have been determined.