THE ROLE OF UKRAINE IN THE NEW ARCHITECTURE OF EUROPEAN SECURITY THROUGH THE PRISM OF BUZAN-WÆVER THEORY

Abstract

Background. The architecture of European security is undergoing profound transformation due to internal shifts within the European Union and evolving transatlantic relations–particularly in light of Donald Trump's return to the White House. These developments have intensified the debate around the European Union's security strategy, especially concerning the pursuit of strategic autonomy. The Russian threat remains the primary challenge for Europe, undermining the foundations of international law and raising the specter of further escalation. In this context, Ukraine has emerged as a pivotal element of the new European security system, acting as a buffer against Russian expansion on the continent's eastern flank. This article aims to analyze the ongoing transformation of the European security architecture and the evolving role of Ukraine within this new framework.
Methods. The study employs a combination of methodological approaches. Systemic analysis is used to explore interdependencies within the European security architecture and shifts in the EU's security policies following Trump's political resurgence. Content analysis helps assess the implications of changing dynamics in transatlantic relations for the EU's strategic posture. Theoretical analysis through the lens of the Buzan-Wæver framework provides insight into Ukraine's transformation from a security object to an active subject within the emerging security order.
Results. The application of the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT), as developed by Barry Buzan and Ole Wæver, facilitates an examination of how Russian aggression and transatlantic shifts are reshaping Europe's security landscape. The theory emphasizes the importance of inter-state relationships and shared threats in defining regional security. Ukraine, while responding to external threats–primarily Russian aggression–is simultaneously contributing to the formation of a new European security architecture by integrating into continental security structures.
Сonclusions. RSCT provides a valuable framework for understanding Ukraine's changing role in European security. Ukraine is no longer merely a recipient of security guarantees but has become an active agent in shaping regional security relations. By participating in the construction of a new European security architecture–where interdependence among states is key to regional stability–Ukraine plays a crucial role in preserving peace and order. This approach deepens our understanding of security dynamics in Europe and underscores the strategic necessity of Ukraine's integration into European security processes.